Mosaic lateral heterostructures in two-dimensional perovskite

Abstract Lateral heterostructures are important for exploring exotic physics, developing new devices and achieving device miniaturization 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 . Endo-epitaxial growth occurring in patterned templates presents a promising strategy to realize extensive patterned areas in heterostructures, as recently demonstrated with two-dimensional (2D) covalent materials Fig. 1: Schematic of the fabrication of holey 2D perovskite and the lateral endo-epitaxial growth process of 2D perovskite mosaic structures. Fig. 2: Etching dynamics and size controlling of the square holes in 2D perovskite nanosheets. Fig. 3: Strain analysis in 2D perovskite nanosheets. Fig. 4: Configuration of terminated edges in the squared hole. Fig. 5: Endo-epitaxial growth of 2D perovskite mosaic heterostructures. . However, the conventional lithography and etching processes used to prepare patterned templates are too aggressive for 2D lead halide perovskites, owing to their inherently soft and unstable ionic lattice 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 . Here we create square holes of controllable size within 2D lead halide perovskites, enabling the fabrication of continuous lateral heterostructures over large areas. We demonstrate that the square holes form through spontaneous etching, a process initiated by internal strain and stabilized along the [100]/[010] crystallographic direction. Furthermore, the size of the square holes can be controlled by adjusting the etching time and temperature. Moreover, by incorporating a rapid solvent evaporation growth technique, the edges of the square holes act as templates for epitaxial growth of another type of perovskite, incorporating different halide or metal ions. Finally, we realized a series of mosaic lateral heterostructures that can emit various colours for light-emitting devices. This synthesis of diverse 2D perovskite mosaic lateral heterostructures provides valuable insights into the structural characteristics of perovskites and offers a versatile material platform for the development of complex integrated emitting devices. 14 , 15 , 16 This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution Access options Access Nature and 54 other Nature Portfolio journals Get Nature+, our best-value online-access subscription $32.99 / 30 days cancel any time Subscribe to this journal Receive 51 print issues and online access $199.00 per year only $3.90 per issue Buy this article Purchase on SpringerLink Instant access to the full article PDF. USD 39.95 Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout Fig. 1: Schematic of the fabrication of holey 2D perovskite and the lateral endo-epitaxial growth process of 2D perovskite mosaic structures. Fig. 2: Etching dynamics and size controlling of the square holes in 2D perovskite nanosheets. Fig. 3: Strain analysis in 2D perovskite nanosheets. Fig. 4: Configuration of terminated edges in the squared hole. Fig. 5: Endo-epitaxial growth of 2D perovskite mosaic heterostructures. Data availability The data that support the plots in this paper and other findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Source data are provided with this paper. References Sahoo, P., Memaran, S., Xin, Y., Balicas, L. & Gutiérrez, R. One-pot growth of two-dimensional lateral heterostructures via sequential edge-epitaxy. Nature 553 , 63-67 (2018). Xie, S. et al....

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